Management of complications of localanesthesia in oral surgery

Abstract

The word anesthesia comes from the Greek “an esthesis” which means insensitivity, emphasizing the difference with the medical term analgesia. Sensitivity is an attribute of the nervous system in all its components and especially of the central nervous system. This inhibition can be central or peripheral if the inhibition is at the level of the central nervous system or the peripheral nervous system. Local anesthetics are various drugs that provide a reversible blockade of nerve impulse conduction. Several anesthetic methods are used to perform various interventions in the OMF region: local anesthesia, conscious sedation, unconscious sedation, general anesthesia with mask, general anesthesia with in-tubation, and a combination of sedation with local anesthesia. Despite careful patient assessment, accurate tissue preparation, and injection techniques, systemic and local complications caused by local anesthesia may occur. Emphasis is placed on the prevention, recognition, and treatment of com-plications. Most dental treatments are not associated with significant postoperative discomfort, but with prolonged anesthesia of the soft tissues after treatment.